CARNATIC MUSIC TERMS
- Prayōgam
A musical notes phrase of arāgam (series of swarams sung in a
particular rāgam) is known as Prayōgam.
- VisheshaPrayōgam
Vishesha means special. Hence, important phrases of arāgam
are known as VisheshaPrayōgams.
- Varjya
Missing swarams in a janya rāgam, when derived from a
melakartā rāgam are referred as varjya. For example, Rishabham and Panchamam
are varjya in Hindolam when derived from Natabhairavi.
WESTERN MUSIC TERMS
- Mode
The major and minor scales can be called modes. Mode most
often refers to the scales used in Western music from about 400 to 1500 which
were identified by Greek names: Dorian, Phrygian, Lydian, Mixolydian. These are
sometimes called the "church modes," because of their associations
with Gregorian Chant. Two subsequent additions to this old modal system, Ionian
and Aeolian, were identical to the major and minor scales known today. By 1600
these were the only two modes commonly used by classical composers, but the
other modes continued to be heard in folk traditions. The church modes were
rediscovered by composers of the late nineteenth and early 20th centuries; the
modes also play in important role in jazz composition.
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